CTF_CheatSheet

Stage 1 - Lay of the Land

enumeration

• Passive Recon

  • Shodan
  • Wayback Machine
  • The Harvester

• Active Recon

  • Nmap
  • Masscan
  • Network discovery
  • RPCClient
  • Enum4all

• List all the subdirectories and files

  • Gobuster
  • Backup File Artifacts Checker

• Web Vulnerabilities

  • Repository Github
  • Burp
  • Web Checklist
  • Nikto
  • Payment functionality

• Basic Scan

sudo nmap -sSV -p- IP -oA nmap/initial -T4
sudo nmap -sSV -oA OUTPUTFILE -T4 -iL INPUTFILE.csv

• -sSV defines the type of packet to send to the server and tells Nmap to try and determine any service on open ports

• -p- tells Nmap to check all 65,535 ports (by default it will only check the most popular 1,000)

• -oA OUTPUTFILE tells Nmap to output the findings in its three major formats at once using the filename "OUTPUTFILE"

• -iL INPUTFILE tells Nmap to use the provided file as inputs

• CTF Scan

nmap -sV -sC -oA nmap/basic IP

• -sV : Probe open ports to determine service/version info
• -sC : to enable the script
• -oA : to save the results

After this quick command you can add "-p-" to run a full scan while you work with the previous result

nmap -sV -sC -oA -p- nmap/initial IP

• Aggressive Nmap

nmap -A -T4 scanme.nmap.org

• -A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute

• -T4: Defines the timing for the task (options are 0-5 and higher is faster)

• Masscan

masscan IP -p 1-65535 --rate 100 -oX masscan.xml

• Using DirBuster or GoBuster

  ./gobuster -u http://buffered.io/ -w /secondary/wordlists/more-lists/dirb/ -t 10
  -u url
  -w wordlist
  -t threads

  More subdomain :
  ./gobuster -m dns -w subdomains.txt -u google.com -i

  gobuster -w wordlist -u URL -r -e /secondary/wordlists/more-lists/dirb/

Stage 2 - Foothold

Get a Shell

To check if the shell is a tty shell, just enter tty command like the following.

tty

not a tty

tty

/dev/pts/0

Here are some commands which will enable you to spawn a tty shell: Python:

This is the most popular method for spawning a tty shell. The target server should have python or python3 installed.

python -c "import pty;pty.spawn('/bin/bash')"

  * Echo:

echo 'os.system('/bin/bash')'

  * sh:

/bin/sh -i

• Bash:

/bin/bash -i

• Perl:

perl -e 'exec "/bin/sh";'

• Ruby:

ruby: exec "/bin/sh"

• Lua:

lua: os.execute('/bin/sh')

• From within vi:

:!bash

:set shell=/bin/bash:shell

• From within nmap:

!sh